Final answer:
The student's question requires calculations of hydraulic parameters, specifically the hydraulic radius, hydraulic depth, and section factors in a partially filled conduit, which are essential in hydraulic engineering for assessing and optimizing flow conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question involves calculating the hydraulic radius, hydraulic depth, and section factors for critical and normal flows in a circular conduit (pipe) where the flow depth is less than the full diameter of the conduit. The conduit has a diameter of 4.5 ft, and the depth of flow within it is 4.0 ft. The hydraulic radius (R) is the cross-sectional area of the flow (A) divided by the wetted perimeter (P). The hydraulic depth is the cross-sectional area of the flow divided by the top width of the flow (T). Section factors for critical and normal flows are generally calculated with the area and the hydraulic radius or depth to assess the flow characteristics within the conduit.
To compute these values, one has to use formulas specific to a partially filled circular pipe; however, these formulas are not provided in the initial question prompt. It is important to use the proper geometric relationships that account for the segment of the circle that is filled with water (i.e., the flow area) and the corresponding wetted perimeter and top width. The hydraulic depth can directly be computed once the area of flow is known. Without further information, such as the angle of the segment or the specific formulas for a partially filled circular pipe, one cannot provide numerical answers.
These calculations are important in the field of hydraulic engineering for determining the efficiency of flow through a conduit, designing systems for optimal flow and controlling factors such as velocity and discharge, which are crucial in various water resource management and civil engineering projects.