Final answer:
Chloroplasts and mitochondria have similarities such as double membranes, ATP production, and DNA, but also differences in terms of internal structure and function. Additionally, the cell size is generally more efficient when smaller, and DNA is located in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. Cilia and flagella are made of microtubules, not cell membrane, and ribosomes are found inside the cytoplasm. Plants can make their own food through photosynthesis using chloroplasts, while animals rely on other organisms for their food source.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chloroplasts and mitochondria have similarities in terms of having double membranes, producing ATP, and containing DNA. However, they also have differences such as the presence of inter-membrane space and inner folds called cristae in mitochondria, while chloroplasts contain accessory pigments in thylakoids, which form grana and a stroma. Additionally, mitochondria have a matrix and chloroplasts have ATP synthase for ATP synthesis.
In the context of cells, a smaller size is generally more efficient, making the statement True. DNA is actually located in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells, so the statement is False. Cilia and flagella do stick out of the cell membrane, but they are actually made of microtubules, not cell membrane, making the statement False. A false statement about the cell membrane is that it is rigid and fixed.
Some organisms are indeed made of only one cell, so the statement is True. Ribosomes are found inside the cytoplasm of a cell, so the statement is False.
Unlike animals, plants (autotrophs) are able to make their own food, like glucose, through photosynthesis using chloroplasts, while animals (heterotrophs) rely on other organisms for their organic compounds or food source.
The internal structure and biochemistry of chloroplasts is similar to that of cyanobacteria. During cellular respiration, NADH and ATP are used to produce energy, not to make glucose, so the statement is False. ATP synthase acts as both an enzyme and a channel protein, so the statement is True. The carbons from glucose end up in ATP molecules at the end of cellular respiration, so the statement is True. The stage of aerobic cellular respiration that produces the most ATP is the Electron Transport Chain.