Final answer:
Congress limits the president's power by refusing to declare war or fund the military, requiring Senate consent for appointments and treaty ratifications, and possessing the power to impeach and convict the president. Additionally, Congress can override presidential vetoes.
Step-by-step explanation:
There are several ways that Congress can limit the president's power. One method is by refusing to declare war or provide military funding, which challenges the president's role as commander-in-chief. Although Congress has never denied a declaration of war requested by a president, this power acts as a potential check. Another significant limitation comes from the Senate's role in confirming presidential appointments. The president must seek the Senate's advice and consent before appointing members of the Supreme Court, ambassadors, and ratifying treaties. Moreover, Congress holds the ultimate power to remove a president from office through impeachment and conviction. In addition to these checks, Congress can override a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House and Senate. This demonstrates the balance of power and ensures a check on presidential authority over legislation.