Final answer:
The components of the cell membrane include a.cholesterol, b.phospholipids, and the d. glycocalyx, with each playing a distinct role in membrane structure and function. Lysosomes, cristaes, and peroxisomes are not part of the cell membrane.
Step-by-step explanation:
The components of the cell membrane are integral to its function and structure. Among the list provided, the correct components that are part of the cell membrane are cholesterol, phospholipids, and the glycocalyx. Cholesterol is crucial for providing flexibility to the cell membrane, thereby helping maintain its integrity and fluidity.
Phospholipids are the primary building blocks that form the bilayer structure of the membrane, with hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads, creating a barrier to select substances entering and exiting the cell. The glycocalyx, composed of carbohydrates that are attached to proteins and lipids on the extracellular surface of the cell membrane, is involved in cell recognition, adhesion, and protection.
Lysosomes, cristae, and peroxisomes are all organelles that reside within the cell but they are not components of the cell membrane. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes for breaking down waste, cristaes are infoldings in the inner mitochondrial membrane, and peroxisomes carry out oxidation reactions that break down fatty acids and amino acids. They are all important for cellular function, but they are not part of the cell membrane structure.