Question

Which of the following statements about atherosclerosis are true?

a. There are many early warning signs of atherosclerosis, including pain and fatigue.
b. Clinical manifestations include a point of maximal impulse displaced towards the midclavicular line.
c. Risk factors include obesity, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol intake.
d. Diabetes mellitus accelerates the development of atherosclerosis.
e. Diagnostic tests for atherosclerosis include those for hyperlipidemia.

Answer 1

Atherosclerosis is a condition that involves the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Early warning signs are often silent, and risk factors include obesity, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol intake. Diabetes mellitus can also accelerate the development of atherosclerosis. Diagnostic tests can include those for hyperlipidemia.

Step-by-step explanation:

Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries, reducing blood flow and increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. Regarding the statements provided:

1. Statement a is false: Early warning signs of atherosclerosis are often silent, and symptoms may not appear until the arteries are severely narrowed or blocked.
2. Statement b is false: A displaced point of maximal impulse is not a clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis.
3. Statement c is true: Risk factors for atherosclerosis include obesity, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol intake.
4. Statement d is true: Diabetes mellitus can accelerate the development of atherosclerosis.
5. Statement e is true: Diagnostic tests for atherosclerosis can include tests for hyperlipidemia, as hyperlipidemia can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.