Final answer:
Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan offered a lenient approach for the reintegration of southern states by requiring only 10 percent of voters to swear allegiance to the Union, while Radical Republicans wanted stricter terms for Confederacy reintegration, demanding a majority in the Wade-Davis Bill.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difference between Lincoln and Johnson's 10 percent plans is rooted in their approaches toward Reconstruction after the Civil War. President Abraham Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan was a blueprint for the reintegration of the southern states into the Union, which required that 10 percent of a state's voters from the 1860 election swear allegiance to the Union and accept the end of slavery.
While the plan demanded acceptance of emancipation, it allowed southern states to regulate the transition and civil rights, thereby offering a relatively lenient path compared to the plans promoted by the Radical Republicans in Congress.
Conversely, the Wade-Davis Bill, proposed by the Radical Republicans, sought a much stricter approach. It required a majority of white males in a Confederate state to swear loyalty to the Union and guaranteed equality for African Americans before the state could be readmitted.