Question

When describing to a newly diagnosed diabetic client how insulin is regulated, the nurse will draw upon her knowledge of which hormonal regulation mechanism?

1) basal metabolic rate
2) the cytokine–interleukin regulatory mechanism
3) the hypothalamic–pituitary–target cell system
4) the angiotensin i to angiotensin ii to aldosterone system

Answer 1

Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and is regulated through a negative feedback mechanism. It lowers blood glucose levels by enhancing glucose uptake and utilization by target cells, and stimulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage. Its actions cause blood glucose concentrations to fall.

Step-by-step explanation:

Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas and is regulated through a negative feedback mechanism. As blood glucose levels rise, the beta cells release insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels by enhancing the rate of glucose uptake and utilization by target cells. Insulin also stimulates the liver to convert glucose to glycogen for storage, and increases glucose transport into certain cells. Its actions cause blood glucose concentrations to fall, inhibiting further insulin release through a negative feedback loop.