Final answer:
A strategy promoting alignment between organization and environment for achieving goals is known as distinctive competence. Choice Q typically represents a command-and-control environmental policy, whereas choice S suggests a market-oriented policy. Option e.
Step-by-step explanation:
A strategy that promotes a superior alignment between the organization and its environment and the achievement of strategic goals is known as a distinctive competence (e). This concept implies that the organization possesses a unique strength that allows it to outperform competitors and achieve its desired strategic outcomes. In the context of environmental policies, a command-and-control policy is more likely to be represented by choice Q, which typically involves specific regulations that businesses must follow, whereas a market-oriented policy would likely be represented by choice S, as it would typically involve market-based mechanisms like taxes or tradable permits to incentivize environmental responsibility.