Final answer:
To find the amount of fluorine in 24.7 grams of NF₃, calculate the molar mass and then the mass fraction of fluorine in NF₃. Multiplying the mass fraction by the total mass gives you the grams of fluorine, which is approximately 19.814 grams.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine how many grams of fluorine are in 24.7 grams of NF₃, we first need to calculate the molar mass of NF₃. Nitrogen (N) has an atomic mass of approximately 14.01 g/mol, and fluorine (F) has an atomic mass of approximately 18.998 g/mol. Since there are three fluorine atoms in NF₃, its molar mass is 14.01 + 3(18.998) = 70.999 g/mol.
Next, calculate the mass of the fluorine in NF₃:
- Total mass of 3 fluorine atoms in one mole of NF₃ = 3(18.998) g/mol = 56.994 g/mol.
- The fraction of the total mass that is fluorine = 56.994 g/mol / 70.999 g/mol = 0.802 (or 80.2%).
- Grams of fluorine in 24.7 grams of NF₃ = 24.7 g * 0.802 = 19.814 grams of fluorine.