Final answer:
To calculate the amount of oxygen gas (O₂) required to react with a given amount of TNT (C₇H₅N₃O₆), you need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and convert the mass of TNT to moles. Then, use the stoichiometry of the reaction to determine the moles of O₂ required. Finally, convert the moles of O₂ to milligrams using the molar mass of O₂. Therefore, 0.853 g of TNT will react with 1254 mg of O₂.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the amount of oxygen gas (O₂) required to react with a given amount of TNT (C₇H₅N₃O₆), we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:
2 C₇H₅N₃O₆ + 21 O₂ → 14 CO₂ + 5 H₂O + 6 N₂
The molar mass of TNT is 227.13 g/mol.
First, convert the mass of TNT to moles:
0.853 g TNT × (1 mol TNT / 227.13 g TNT) = 0.00375 mol TNT
According to the stoichiometry of the reaction, 21 moles of O₂ react with 2 moles of TNT. So the moles of O₂ required can be calculated as:
0.00375 mol TNT × (21 mol O₂ / 2 mol TNT) = 0.0394 mol O₂
To convert this to milligrams, multiply by the molar mass of O₂:
0.0394 mol O₂ × (32 g O₂ / 1 mol O₂) × (1000 mg / 1 g) = 1254 mg O₂
Therefore, 0.853 g of TNT will react with 1254 mg of O₂.