Final answer:
America's decision on neutrality during the French Revolution was influenced by concerns for national security, existing treaties, and internal political divides. The Treaty of Alliance obligated the U.S. to support France, but practical considerations took precedence. The Federalists and Democratic-Republicans had contrasting views on the violence of the French Revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question of whether America should have supported the French Revolution is complex and rooted deeply in the political and ideological divides of the time. In the late 18th century, the newly formed United States had to navigate its foreign policy amidst the tumultuous events of the French Revolution. Initially, many Americans were sympathetic to the French cause, feeling a kinship due to France's assistance in the American Revolutionary War and a shared enthusiasm for Republican ideals.
However, after France declared war on Great Britain in February 1793 and the onset of the Reign of Terror, American leadership faced a dilemma. According to the Treaty of Alliance (1778), the U.S. was obligated to aid France in its war against Great Britain. Yet, President George Washington and his cabinet, including Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and Secretary of Treasury Alexander Hamilton, ultimately decided on neutrality despite the treaty, primarily to secure American security and economic interests. The Reign of Terror further polarized American views, with Federalists criticising the French Revolution's descent into violence, while Democratic-Republicans like Thomas Jefferson viewed the upheaval as necessary for the advancement of republican principles.
The decision of the Washington administration to maintain neutrality had significant implications for the young nation's foreign policy and internal politics. It reflected the pragmatic concerns over the security and economic stability of the United States, as well as demonstrated the complexities of honoring international treaties while protecting national interests.