Final answer:
In the context of electronic configurations, (a) 1p³ and (c) 3g¹¹ are not allowed because there is no 'p' subshell in the first energy level and 'g' subshells do not exist in ground state atoms, respectively. The other configurations (b) 2p³ and (d) 4f² are allowed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rules for electronic configurations in atoms are derived from quantum mechanics and specify the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals.
The question appears to be asking which of the given electronic configurations violate these rules. The configurations are:
- (a) 1p³
- (b) 2p³
- (c) 3g¹¹
- (d) 4f²
Electronic configuration violations can occur when the assigned electrons exceed the maximum capacity for a particular subshell or when a nonexistent subshell is used.
Let's analyze the given configurations:
- (a) 1p³: This is not allowed because there is no 'p' subshell in the first energy level (n=1).
- (b) 2p³: This is allowed; it represents 3 electrons in the 'p' subshell of the second energy level.
- (c) 3g¹¹: This is not allowed because 'g' subshells do not exist in presently known atoms in their ground state.
- (d) 4f²: This is allowed; it represents 2 electrons in the 'f' subshell of the fourth energy level.