Final answer:
The structure of 4-isopropyl-2,4,5-trimethylheptane is drawn by starting with a seven-carbon parent chain and adding a methyl group to the 2nd, 4th, and 5th positions, and attaching an isopropyl group at the 4th position, and then completing with hydrogen atoms to satisfy the four bonds for each carbon atom.
Step-by-step explanation:
To draw the structure of 4-isopropyl-2,4,5-trimethylheptane, we begin with the parent chain, which is a heptane meaning it contains 7 carbon atoms. In this compound, there are three methyl groups (each consisting of one carbon atom) attached at the 2nd, 4th, and 5th positions of the parent chain, and an isopropyl group (a branch of three carbon atoms, where the middle carbon is attached to two hydrogen atoms and the parent chain) at the 4th position.
Here's a step-by-step guide to drawing the structure:
- Draw a straight chain of seven carbon atoms to represent the heptane.
- Add a methyl group (CH3) to the 2nd, 4th, and 5th carbon atoms in the chain.
- At the 4th carbon atom of the heptane chain, also attach an isopropyl group. The isopropyl group is drawn as a carbon atom connected to the 4th carbon of the parent chain and bonded to two additional carbon atoms, each of which are bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
- Complete the structure by adding hydrogen atoms to the parent chain, ensuring that each carbon atom forms four bonds.
Note that in the final structure, one carbon atom of the isopropyl group and the carbon atoms of the methyl groups are considered part of the overall carbon backbone of the molecule, rather than as separate entities.