Final answer:
George Washington's Farewell Address and Hamilton's financial plan addressed fundamental challenges facing the early United States, such as maintaining national unity, managing the economy, and handling foreign relations, which were deeply intertwined with the political dynamics of the era.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ideas in George Washington's Farewell Address relate strongly to the challenges the new nation faced, as depicted in the musical Hamilton. Washington, with the inputs of James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, emphasized the importance of national unity and the need for the country to transcend sectional and ideological differences. The address warned against the dangers of political parties and foreign entanglements to the nascent nation. These concepts paralleled the issues during Washington's presidency, when there were intense debates over economic policy, the handling of foreign affairs, as well as the domestic unrest illustrated by the Whiskey Rebellion. Washington's balanced view of agriculture and industry, his endorsement of Hamilton's financial plans, and the resulting political divisions, including the first partisan election, are reflective of the challenges in achieving unity and establishing the nation's economic footing.
Hamilton's financial plan is particularly relevant as it outlined the vision for the nation's recovery and growth. It emphasized dealing with public credit, establishing a national bank, and proposed support for manufacturing. The plan was controversial as it underscored differences in views on the role of government, with some states supporting it based on their debt levels and others opposing it. The agreement to relocate the capital to a southern location epitomizes the widespread politicking necessary to achieve the broader goals of economic recovery.