Final answer:
Beta-blockers are ordered by their ability to cross membranes based on log P values, from highest to lowest: Propranolol, Carvedilol, Metoprolol, Atenolol. Log P is indicative of a drug's lipophilicity and membrane permeability.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ordering beta-blockers based on their ability to cross membranes, from highest to lowest log P values: Propranolol, Carvedilol, Metoprolol, Atenolol.
Beta-blockers are a class of medications often used to treat cardiovascular diseases by blocking beta-receptors that cause vasoconstriction and increased heart rates. The log P value is a measure of a compound's lipophilicity, or its ability to dissolve in fats, oils, and non-polar solvents. Generally speaking, a higher log P indicates better membrane permeability due to increased lipophilicity. Propranolol has a high log P value, indicating strong lipophilicity; it can readily cross cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier. Carvedilol also has a relatively high log P, meaning it's also lipophilic, though to a lesser extent compared to propranolol. Metoprolol has a lower log P value, indicating moderate membrane-crossing ability. Lastly, Atenolol, with the lowest log P among them, is less lipophilic and thus has a decreased ability to cross lipid membranes. These properties can influence the drug's distribution in the body and potential side effects profile.