Final answer:
In a Venn diagram, sets can be represented using circles or ovals to show the intersection and union of the sets. The specific sets mentioned in the question can be analyzed one by one to determine their representation in the diagram.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a Venn diagram, sets can be represented using circles or ovals. The intersection of the circles or ovals represents the elements that belong to both sets while the union represents the elements that belong to either set or both sets. Let's analyze each option:
- a = states in the US; b = world countries. The Venn diagram would have two separate circles, one for states in the US and one for world countries. There would be no intersection between the circles because no state belongs to both sets.
- a = plays by Shakespeare; b = playwrights. The Venn diagram would have a circle representing the plays by Shakespeare and another circle representing the playwrights. There would be an intersection between the circles because Shakespeare wrote his plays.
- a = animals; b = mammals. The Venn diagram would have a circle representing all animals and another circle representing mammals. The mammals circle would be fully contained within the animals circle because all mammals are animals.
- a = polygons; b = circles. The Venn diagram would have a circle representing polygons and another circle representing circles. There would be no intersection between the circles because a circle is not a polygon and a polygon is not a circle.