Question

Rohan is writing an argumentative essay about standardized test scores and college admission. He claims that colleges should no longer rely on the SAT for admission. Which of the following statements avoids a logical fallacy to support his claim?

1) Standardized test scores do not accurately reflect a student's potential for success in college.
2) Colleges should consider other factors, such as extracurricular activities and personal essays, in addition to standardized test scores.
3) Research has shown that the SAT is biased against certain groups of students.
4) Many top colleges and universities have already made standardized tests optional for admission.

Answer 1

The statement that "Research has shown that the SAT is biased against certain groups of students" supports Rohan's claim without a logical fallacy, as it is grounded in research analysis on the SAT's fairness and predictive validity.

Step-by-step explanation:

Rohan is writing an argumentative essay regarding the use of standardized test scores in college admission, specifically arguing against the reliance on the SAT. Among the provided statements, the one that avoids a logical fallacy and supports his claim is that "Research has shown that the SAT is biased against certain groups of students." This statement avoids logical fallacies because it is based on evidential research rather than on an opinion or a vague assertion. Studies have indicated that the SAT may not be an equal measure of ability for all student demographics (Santelices & Wilson, 2010) and that the predictive validity of the test scores for first-year college GPA may be exaggerated (Rothstein, 2004). Furthermore, the shift in policy by some prominent colleges to become "test-optional" indicates a reevaluation of the SAT's role in admissions (Strauss, 2019, March 19).