Question

Select the correctly identified structures and steps in the process of protein synthesis.

1) Structure A is mRNA, and Structure B is a strand of amino acids that form a protein. Process 1 occurs at the ribosome in the cytoplasm.
2) Structure B is mRNA, and Structure C is a strand of amino acids that form a protein. Process 2 occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
3) Structure A is a strand of DNA, and Structure B is a strand of mRNA. Process 1 occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
4) Structure B is a strand of amino acids that form a protein, and Structure C is a strand of DNA. Process 2 occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Answer 1

Correct answer: Structure A is DNA, Structure B is mRNA, and transcription occurs in the nucleus, making option 3 the correct choice.

Step-by-step explanation:

The process of protein synthesis starts off in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells where DNA is transcribed into mRNA during transcription. The mRNA is capped and polyadenylated before leaving the nucleus. In the cytoplasm, ribosomes translate the mRNA into a polypeptide chain, following the instructions encoded in the mRNA sequence. Activation of amino acids, translation, and folding of the protein are all steps of protein synthesis that occur in the cytoplasm. The correct answer to the given question is 3) Structure A is a strand of DNA, and Structure B is a strand of mRNA. Process 1 occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.