Final answer:
The event where Edward I convened nobles and commoners, leading to the creation of parliament, took place in England. This contributed to the establishment of a system where laws required the consent of Parliament, shaping modern parliamentary democracy. The correct option is 1).
Step-by-step explanation:
The event in question, where Edward I convened nobles and commoners, setting the stage for the creation of parliament, occurred in England. During Edward I's reign, Parliament met forty-six times over thirty-five years, beginning in 1275.
This gathering of different estates—nobles, clergy, and commoners—was significant as it implied the laws needed their consent, not just the king's approval.
Moreover, the Hundred Years' War between England and France led to an increased role of the Parliament in England, as funds were required for the war effort, thereby strengthening the legislative body and contributing to the notion of a representative government.
A similar national assembly was not favored in France, which resulted in their national government being built upon a strong monarchy.
The creation of the English Parliament was a major step toward a system of government where the rulers were accountable to representatives of the people and laid the foundations for modern parliamentary democracy. Option 1) is the correct one.