Final answer:
The symbol that emerged when cartoonists mocked Andrew Jackson was the donkey. This representation began with Jackson's campaign and was popularized by cartoonist Thomas Nast. Jackson's adherence to his own beliefs led to the adoption of the donkey as a symbol of the Democratic Party.
Step-by-step explanation:
The political party symbol that emerged when cartoonists mocked Andrew Jackson was the donkey. The use of the donkey to represent a political party began with Andrew Jackson's campaign. Jackson was labeled by his opponents, a term that he decided to embrace, and the donkey came to symbolize Jackson's stubbornness.
Later, celebrated cartoonist Thomas Nast, who is often credited with making the donkey the recognized symbol of the Democratic Party, used the donkey in his political cartoons. Nast was also responsible for popularizing the elephant as a symbol for the Republican Party during the 1860s, as illustrated in his 1879 cartoon titled "Stranger Things Have Happened" published in Harper's Weekly.
The image of Andrew Jackson characterized as a monarch, often referred to as "King Andrew" belittled his perceived autocratic leadership style. He was depicted in various cartoons as overriding the principles of democracy. One such cartoon from 1833 shows him as a tyrant holding a veto, signifying his use of presidential power to veto legislation, hence emphasizing the criticism levied against him.