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During the predynastic period of Egypt (between about 4500 BC and 3000 BC), the ______ culture developed increasingly sophisticated material culture, including the oldest evidence of Egyptian hieroglyphs?

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Final answer:

The Naqada culture was responsible for the earliest development of Egyptian hieroglyphs and many other aspects of material culture in predynastic Egypt.

Step-by-step explanation:

During the predynastic period of Egypt (between about 4500 BC and 3000 BC), the Naqada culture developed increasingly sophisticated material culture, including the oldest evidence of Egyptian hieroglyphs. The Predynastic era saw the emergence of distinct cultural advancements such as ceramics, figurines, and mace heads. The iconic imagery that would prevail throughout the Pharaonic era began to take shape, demonstrating the progression from Paleolithic and Neolithic societies to a more structured and complex civilization.

The Predynastic period set the stage for the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt and the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period, around 3100 BCE with King Menes/Narmer, leading to significant developments in areas such as governance, economy, and culture.

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