Final answer:
The percent yield of the reaction producing phosphorus trichloride is found by using stoichiometry to calculate the theoretical yield, then applying the formula: Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) × 100%. The actual yield is given, but the theoretical yield requires stoichiometric calculations which are not provided.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the percent yield of the reaction where 75.0 g of phosphorus reacts with excess chlorine gas to produce 111.0 g of phosphorus trichloride (PCl3), you first need the theoretical yield based on the balanced chemical equation. The reaction is as follows: P4 + 6Cl2 → 4PCl3.
Using stoichiometry, we convert grams of phosphorus to moles, find the mole ratio between phosphorus and PCl3, then convert moles of PCl3 back to grams to find the theoretical yield. Afterward, we use the formula for percent yield:
Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) × 100%
Without the actual stoichiometry calculations provided, we cannot determine the theoretical yield. However, once we have it, if we let the actual yield be the given 111.0 g, the formula would apply to find the percent yield for the reaction under consideration.