Final answer:
One limitation of seismic refraction profiling is that the accuracy of depth estimation decreases as the angle of incidence increases.
Step-by-step explanation:
One limitation of seismic refraction profiling is that the accuracy of depth estimation decreases as the angle of incidence increases. In other words, as the seismic waves travel at steeper angles, it becomes more difficult to accurately determine the depth of the subsurface features. This is because the time it takes for the waves to travel through the different layers of rock increases, leading to a greater uncertainty in depth estimation.For example, if a seismic wave is refracted at a high angle, it may bounce off a deep layer and return to the surface at a different location than expected. This can result in misleading depth estimates.Therefore, in seismic refraction profiling, it is important to use low angles of incidence to minimize this limitation and improve the accuracy of depth estimation.