Final answer:
Early asylum treatment for mental illness was harsh and cruel until reform efforts led to the establishment of more humane practices for care of the mentally ill.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treatment for mental illness in the early asylums tended to be harsh and cruel. Before the reform movement led by figures such as Dorothea Lynde Dix, mental illness was poorly understood, and those afflicted were often subjected to inhumane conditions, including being chained, beaten, and held in isolation. As a result of the reform efforts, treatment began to shift towards more humane practices with the establishment of state mental asylums focusing on better care for the mentally ill.