Final answer:
Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction, leading to an increase in systemic blood pressure. It also stimulates the release of aldosterone and ADH, which enhance sodium and water retention, further increasing blood pressure and preserving blood volume.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary effect of the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II on the vascular system is vasoconstriction, leading to an increase in blood pressure. It also causes constriction of arterioles in the kidneys, reducing glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow. Angiotensin II stimulates aldosterone release, increasing sodium reabsorption and water retention.
When angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II, the primary effect on the vascular system is a significant increase in blood pressure due to vasoconstriction. Angiotensin II narrows both systemic blood vessels and the arterioles within the kidney, leading to increased systemic blood pressure. It also triggers the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex, which promotes sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, further contributing to blood pressure elevation. Additionally, angiotensin II stimulates the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), enhancing water retention and elevating blood volume and pressure.