Final answer:
TSH from the anterior pituitary stimulates the thyroid gland to convert thyroglobulin into the thyroid hormones T3 and T4.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior pituitary causes conversion of thyroglobulin into thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) . TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4 by promoting the iodination of tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin within the thyroid follicles. T4, also known as tetraiodothyronine, contains four iodine atoms, while T3, or triiodothyronine, contains three. In the bloodstream, T4 can be converted to the more active T3, which is responsible for many of the effects of thyroid hormones. The regulation of TSH release is part of a negative feedback loop involving the hypothalamus and thyroid hormone levels in the blood.