Final answer:
Performance management is the type of management focused on aligning individual employee goals with the organizational goals and strategies.
It contrasts with other styles like strengths-based management and McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y approaches to management.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of management that involves aligning individual employees' goals and behaviors with organizational goals and strategies is performance management.
This approach to management ensures that each employee's individual performance and objectives support the overall direction and goals of the organization. By focusing on performance management, organizations can optimize their workforce's productivity and ensure that employee actions are in sync with the strategic plans set by the organization.
An example of a different approach is strengths-based management, described by Donald Clifton. This management style emphasizes the importance of focusing on an individual's strengths rather than weaknesses to maximize growth within the company. Despite its popularity, the impact of strengths-based management on overall organizational performance remains under-researched.
Another management style, according to Douglas McGregor, can be understood through Theory X and Theory Y. With Theory X management, the assumption is that employees inherently dislike work and require direct supervision to be productive. Conversely, Theory Y assumes employees are self-motivated and can find work satisfying, requiring less supervision and more autonomy to achieve organizational goals.