Final answer:
The 19th-century Realist painters, including Honoré Daumier and Édouard Manet challenged traditional art by exploring social issues and critiquing society, but they did not embrace traditional artistic techniques, rather they pioneered new ways of painting.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 19th-century Realist painters, such as Honoré Daumier and Édouard Manet, deviated substantially from established academic conventions. These artists were known for their willingness to explore social and political issues, critique contemporary society, and depict everyday life in ways that challenged traditional subjects and techniques. They shone a light on ordinary people and situations, drawing attention to the realities of the working class and the impact of industrialization on society. However, a characteristic of their work that does not fit with the rest is that they embraced traditional artistic techniques. In fact, they moved away from traditional techniques, using new methodologies like painting en plein air, and they experimented with light, color, and brushstrokes which led to the birth of Impressionism. Realist painters incorporated thick and broad brushstrokes creating texture and opted for more naturalistic and unidealized representations, which were a departure from the polished and idealized styles favored by Academic art.