Final answer:
The hoodoo formations in Bryce Canyon National Park are primarily shaped from freshwater limestone, through processes of frost-wedging and chemical weathering.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bryce Canyon National Park is renowned for its hoodoo formations, which are spire-shaped rock formations created by the process of weathering. The hoodoos at Bryce Canyon are primarily formed from freshwater limestone, which is subject to frost-wedging and chemical weathering.
This weathering process involves water seeping into rock fractures, freezing, and expanding, alongside the acidic rainwater dissolving limestone over time.
For about 200 days a year, Bryce Canyon experiences temperature fluctuations that cross the freezing point. This promotes the freeze-thaw cycle which is crucial to frost-wedging. This expansion and contraction of ice can exert a force of as much as 20,000 pounds per square inch, which gradually shatters and pries the rock apart.
Furthermore, the acidic nature of rainwater chemically weathers the limestone, contributing to the formation of the hoodoos by rounding off edges and carrying away debris.