Final answer:
Shenhar and Dvir characterized projects with dimensions like novelty, technology, complexity, and pace, not directly aligning with the provided options. The quality of a design is evaluated using criteria and constraints, which describe measurable standards and required conditions, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two attributes of a project that Shenhar and Dvir used to characterize the projects are not directly provided in the options a) Cost and schedule, b) Technology and risk, c) Scope and budget, or d) Stakeholders and quality. Instead, their multidimensional project framework, often referred to as the NTCP model, includes dimensions like novelty, technology, complexity, and pace. However, if we interpret the question in terms of project evaluation and design quality, Shenhar and Dvir's framework speaks to broader characteristics that projects could be evaluated on, such as their technological uncertainty and complexity (which could be interpreted as 'risk').
To evaluate the quality of a design, criteria and constraints are used. Constraints are limitations or conditions that must be satisfied by a design, while criteria are standards or attributes of a design that can be measured objectively. These are applied to determine the quality of the design and to choose between different design solutions.