Final answer:
The compound that cannot be synthesized from cholesterol is glucose. Cholesterol is a precursor for bile salts, vitamin D, and sex hormones, but not for carbohydrates such as glucose.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question "All of the following compounds may be synthesized from cholesterol EXCEPT" is glucose. Cholesterol is a vital substance in the human body, primarily synthesized in the liver, and serves as a precursor for the synthesis of a variety of important compounds. However, glucose is not synthesized from cholesterol; it is a carbohydrate that is metabolized differently in the body.
Cholesterol is indeed the precursor for the synthesis of bile salts, which emulsify fats and aid in digestion. Moreover, cholesterol is essential for the production of vitamin D when the skin is exposed to UV light. It is also crucial in the synthesis of sex hormones such as testosterone and estradiol, which play a variety of roles in the body. These hormones are among the many steroid hormones derived from cholesterol.