Final answer:
Vitamin C enhances iron absorption by keeping iron in a reduced ferrous form, which is necessary for efficient absorption in the intestines and for the body's iron requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vitamin C enhances iron absorption when consumed in the same meal primarily because it acts as a reducing agent. Specifically, vitamin C helps to keep iron in the reduced ferrous form (Fe2+), which is more soluble and can be absorbed more efficiently by the intestines. This process facilitates the absorption of non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. In the reduced state, iron can form soluble complexes that are more readily taken up by mucosal cells in the intestine. Once absorbed, iron can be utilized for the synthesis of hemoglobin and other essential functions in the body.
Additionally, vitamin C may help to reduce ferric iron (Fe3+) to ferrous iron (Fe2+), which is necessary since the ferrous form is what is absorbed by the mucosal cells. This reduction is important because most iron in food occurs in the ferric form, which is not as readily absorbed. Therefore, the presence of vitamin C in the diet is vital for individuals, especially those with a high risk of iron deficiency or those consuming primarily plant-based sources of iron.