Final answer:
The correct journal entry for collecting $3,600 on account is to debit Cash and credit Accounts Receivable. The firm's accounting profit is determined by subtracting explicit costs from total revenues, resulting in a profit of $50,000 for the given scenario.
Step-by-step explanation:
The journal entry needed when a business collects $3,600 on account on May 10 is: Debit Cash for $3,600 and credit Accounts Receivable for $3,600. This entry reflects the increase in the company's cash balance due to the money collected and the decrease in Accounts Receivable, representing the payment of a previously outstanding debt.
To address the self-check questions, the firm's accounting profit is calculated by subtracting the explicit costs from the total revenues. Therefore, if the firm had sales revenue of $1 million and they spent $600,000 on labor, $150,000 on capital, and $200,000 on materials, the accounting profit would be:
Accounting profit = total revenues - explicit costs
= $1,000,000 - ($600,000 + $150,000 + $200,000)
= $50,000.