Final answer:
The pigment that gives skin cells their color is called melanin. Melanin is produced by melanocytes and transferred to keratinocytes, contributing to skin's color and providing protection against UV radiation. Carotene and hemoglobin also add color nuances, particularly in lighter skin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pigment found in the skin cells that gives them color is called melanin . Melanin is the main substance that determines the color of human skin and is produced by cells called melanocytes. These cells are located in the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is then transferred into another type of skin cell, the keratinocytes, via a cellular vesicle known as a melanosome. While melanin is the primary determinant of skin color, other pigments such as carotene and hemoglobin also play a role, particularly in individuals with lighter skin tones. Carotene gives skin a yellowish tint and is found in the epidermis, while hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, contributes a pinkish tint to the skin when capillaries dilate. Melanin provides protection against UV radiation by absorbing sunlight. However, it can also affect vitamin D production when present in large amounts.