Final answer:
Theorists explain social order by emphasizing either collective elements or individual actions. B) Individual behavior is often seen as the most unpredictable element in the context of the international system. Socialization is influenced by factors like gender and class, while sociological and political theories explore the maintenance of social order and individual roles within it.
Step-by-step explanation:
In explaining social order, theorists vary in the extent to which they emphasize factors that are collective versus factors that are individual. Social theorists are divided in their understanding of what maintains social order, with some focusing on collective elements such as laws, institutions, and social structures, while others emphasize individual agency and personal actions. For instance, Durkheim's functionalist perspective suggests that collective factors like laws, morals, and values are essential in maintaining social order, even though they extend beyond individual contributions.
Regarding the unpredictability in the level of analysis in the anarchic international system, individual behavior is often cited as particularly unpredictable when compared to the state, institutional, and global levels. Similarly, for a person's socialization, factors such as gender and class are influential, whereas other elements may not have as much impact.
In the context of political culture, governments are viewed through various lenses, such as moralistic, individualistic, traditionalistic, or nativistic, depending on how they are perceived to maintain the social order or status quo. Social psychology's focus includes situational factors rather than strictly individual traits or predispositions. The ideas of theorists like Durkheim and Marx continue to guide the understanding of social structures and the interplay between society and individuals.