Final answer:
In e-marketplaces, a horizontal market focuses on business coordination with multiple vendors, emphasizing horizontal integration. Unlike vertical merger, which involves different production steps, horizontal integration merges similar market level firms to control markets and minimize competition, differing greatly from labor markets that involve employer-employee dynamics.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of e-marketplaces, a horizontal market concentrates on coordinating a business process or function involving multiple vendors. When firms engage in a horizontal integration, they merge with or acquire other companies at the same level of the supply chain, often to increase market share or reduce competition. This is in contrast to a vertical market, which would involve companies at different stages of production or distribution coming together to streamline processes.
One of the well-known management strategies used by John D. Rockefeller was indeed horizontal integration, where he combined with competitors in the same industry to monopolize a market. Another strategy was vertical integration, where the company controls both the production and distribution of its products, enhancing efficiency and reducing costs. This contrasts with the labor market, which focuses more on the relationship between employers and employees.