Final answer:
The two major cratonic sequences formed during the Late Paleozoic due to transgressions in North America are the Kaskaskia and Absaroka sequences, characterized by extensive sedimentary rock formations illustrating the area's geological history.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two major North American cratonic sequences that formed as a result of transgressions during the Late Paleozoic are termed the Kaskaskia and Absaroka sequences. These sequences represent periods during which sea levels rose and fell, resulting in the transgression and regression of shallow seas across the continent. Sedimentary rocks deposited during these times are very extensive and record a rich history of the environmental and biological conditions of those periods.
The Kaskaskia Sequence began in the Devonian and ended in the earliest part of the Mississippian, characterized by a major transgression that flooded the continental interior, forming extensive carbonate platforms. On the other hand, the Absaroka Sequence covers a later time span, beginning in the Mississippian and continuing through the Permian period, with several transgressions and regressions illustrating the dynamic nature of the sea levels during this time.