Final answer:
The large predator Anomalocaris likely would have caused selective pressure for prey to develop adaptations to predation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The large predator Anomalocaris likely would have caused selective pressure for prey to develop adaptations to predation. These adaptations could include traits like camouflage, defensive mechanisms, or behaviors that help the prey avoid being detected or captured by the predator.
Natural selection favors individuals with traits that increase their chances of survival and reproduction. If Anomalocaris was a significant predator, individuals with these adaptations would have a better chance of surviving and passing on their advantageous traits to future generations.
Over time, this selective pressure would lead to the evolution of prey species that are better adapted to avoid or defend against Anomalocaris and increase the overall fitness of the population.