Final answer:
The Alleghenian orogeny occurred as a result of Gondwana colliding with Laurasia during Late Carboniferous, leading to the formation of the Appalachian Mountains.
Step-by-step explanation:
The orogeny that occurred as a result of Gondwana colliding with Laurasia during Late Carboniferous is the Alleghenian orogeny. This orogeny occurred between 350 to 250 million years ago and contributed to the formation of the Appalachian Mountains. The collision between the two continents caused the lithosphere to bend, creating a foreland basin and shallow inland oceans.