Final answer:
The statement is true; physiological needs, such as food and shelter, are indeed the most basic level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy, which are essential for survival.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that “the most basic need required for survival, such as food and shelter, are called physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy” is indeed true. Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist, established a hierarchy of needs that outlines the progression of human motivation. This hierarchy is typically represented as a pyramid, with the most basic needs at the bottom. At that baseline are physiological needs, which include necessities such as food, water, shelter, and warmth. These are the fundamental requirements for survival. Once these needs are met, individuals can move up the pyramid to satisfy higher-level needs like safety, love and belonging, esteem, and ultimately, self-actualization.