Question

Which of the following statements is true?

a. The chloride shift Cl- moves into RBC's in exchange for H+.
b. When chemoreceptors sense an increase in PCO2, or an increase in the acidity of the blood, respiratory rate usually increases.
c. Both increased temperature and increased acid content tend to cause oxygen to bind more tightly to hemoglobin.
d. Under normal circumstances intrapleural pressure is always greater than atmospheric pressure.
e. The pneumotaxic and apneustic areas controlling respiration are located in the hypothalamus.

Answer 1

Respiratory rate and depth are controlled by the respiratory centers of the brain, which are stimulated by chemical and pH changes in the blood.

Step-by-step explanation:

Both respiratory rate and depth are controlled by the respiratory centers of the brain, which are stimulated by factors such as chemical and pH changes in the blood. These changes are sensed by central chemoreceptors, which are located in the brain, and peripheral chemoreceptors, which are located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries. A rise in carbon dioxide or a decline in oxygen levels in the blood stimulates an increase in respiratory rate and depth.