Final answer:
Biomechanics applies kinematics and dynamics to the human body, illustrating how muscle-generated forces affect movement and, consequently, exercise physiology. Muscles, being kinetic factors, alter their kinematic values with changes in strength or fatigue, affecting movement patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
Biomechanics is deeply related to exercise physiology because it involves the application of kinematics and dynamics to the human body. Therefore, a. muscles are the kinetic factor (force) that affects kinematic values is correct because muscles generate force which leads to movement, an aspect studied within kinematics, the study of motion without considering its causes. On the other hand, b. as muscular strength changes or fatigue develops, kinematics of movement also changes is also true because when the muscle's capacity for generating force changes, it inevitably alters the kinematics of the movement.
This relationship is evident in the fact that statics is crucial for understanding strains in our muscles and bones, influenced by the leverage systems within the body, most of which have a mechanical advantage of less than one. Additionally, in sports science, concepts such as momentum, rotational motion, and vibrations are used, all of which are principles of physics. When muscle fatigue occurs, or there are changes in muscular strength, the result is a change in the kinematics due to the varied amount of force and torque produced by the muscles.
Musculoskeletal disorders exemplify situations where biomechanical stresses lead to injuries, indicating how important the study of force and movement is to physical health. Furthermore, the complexity of real systems of muscles, bones, and joints, such as the changing pivot points in joints, show that forces and torques vary with movement, further underscoring how biomechanics is related to exercise physiology.