Final answer:
The statement is false; inflammation of the rectum and anus is called proctitis, not colitis. Colitis involves the large intestine, while proctitis specifically involves the rectum and anus.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'inflammation of the rectum and anus is colitis' is false. Although similar, the correct term for inflammation specifically of the rectum and anus is proctitis. Colitis, on the other hand, refers to inflammation of the large intestine (colon). Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum but does not solely focus on the rectum and anus. It is associated with symptoms such as abdominal pain and bloody diarrhoea, and it can increase the risk of colon cancer.