Final answer:
The correlation coefficient indicates c) the degree of agreement or association between two measures and ranges from -1 to +1, showing the strength and direction of the relationship. It does not imply causation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correlation coefficient is a mathematical index of C) The degree of agreement (or association) between two measures.
The correlation coefficient, often denoted as r, varies between -1 and +1, providing insights into the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables. A value close to +1 or -1 indicates a strong association, whereas a value close to zero indicates a weak association.
It is important to clarify that the correlation coefficient does not imply causation but merely shows how strongly two variables are associated with each other. A positive correlation indicates that the variables tend to move in the same direction, while a negative correlation implies they move in opposite directions. A zero correlation suggests no relationship between the variables.