Final answer:
Paralysis of the same body part on both sides of the body is known as diplegia. (option d) It involves the loss of sensation and movement in parts of the body and can be a result of varying degrees of spinal cord injuries or neurological disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
Paralysis of the same body part on both sides of the body is known as diplegia. This condition is distinguished by a loss of sensation and movement in corresponding parts of the body, such as may result from a neurological injury or a central nervous system disorder. In cases of spinal cord injuries, the extent of paralysis, including diplegia or paraplegia, is determined by the location and severity of the injury. Quadriplegia affects the arms, hands, trunk, legs, and pelvic organs, whereas paraplegia affects the lower half of the body, including the trunk, legs, and pelvic organs, but allows for the use of arms and hands.
Hemiplegia, on the other hand, is paralysis that occurs on one side of the body and can appear after incidents like a motorcycle accident where only half of the spinal cord might be damaged. This type of injury is more complex, affecting motor control and sensory processing on the trauma's side. It's crucial to distinguish between these conditions when addressing nerve or spinal cord damage.