Final answer:
General self-esteem in middle childhood includes academic competence, social acceptance, athletic abilities, but does not include 'Physical appearance' as it was not provided in the original question. Parents and teachers can support the development of positive self-esteem by acknowledging accomplishments, providing encouragement, and fostering inclusive environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
General self-esteem during middle childhood is made up of various aspects of a child's sense of self and perceived abilities. These include academic competence, reflecting how adept they feel at schoolwork; social acceptance, indicating their sense of belonging and acceptance by peers; and athletic abilities, demonstrating their skill and participation in sports. An additional consideration is their physical appearance, as children begin to be more aware of their bodies and how they are perceived by others. Among these options, all are components that contribute to a child's self-esteem except 'Physical appearance,' which was not listed as an option in the original question.
To nurture a positive sense of self and abilities, parents and teachers can engage in various supportive actions. Recognizing accomplishments in all these areas, providing encouragement, fostering a positive learning environment, teaching resilience and problem-solving, and offering opportunities to participate in group activities are all strategies that can bolster a child's self-esteem. Additionally, promoting an inclusive and respectful atmosphere where every child's unique qualities and strengths are valued can greatly contribute to a positive self-concept.