Final answer:
Crystallized intelligence increases through middle adulthood according to cross-sectional studies. Analytical intelligence is used when examining data for trends and is part of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Many cross-sectional studies show that crystallized intelligence increases steadily through middle adulthood. Crystallized intelligence pertains to the knowledge we've acquired and our ability to retrieve it. This form of intelligence typically remains stable or even improves throughout early and middle adulthood. In contrast, fluid intelligence, which involves the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems, tends to decline in later adulthood. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is B. Crystallized. When examining data to look for trends, you are predominantly using analytical intelligence. This type of intelligence is crucial for processing information and problem-solving in academic settings, such as comparing and contrasting literary characters or analyzing scientific processes. Furthermore, Sternberg's theory of intelligence denotes that analytical intelligence is one of three intelligence types, alongside practical and creative intelligence. Fluid intelligence is crucial for problem-solving and understanding complex relationships, but does not rely on previously acquired knowledge as crystallized intelligence does.