Final answer:
A high degree of specialization in an organization can lead to decreased flexibility and adaptability, increased efficiency and productivity, and improved coordination and communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
A high degree of specialization in an organization can have unintended side effects. One of these is decreased flexibility and adaptability. When employees are highly specialized in their tasks, they may become less skilled in other areas, which can make it difficult for them to adapt to changes or take on new responsibilities. For example, if a company has employees who are only trained to perform one specific task, they may struggle to fill in for others who are absent or to take on additional tasks when needed.
Increased efficiency and productivity, on the other hand, is usually an intended positive aspect of specialization. When employees are highly skilled in their specialized areas, they can perform their tasks more quickly and accurately, leading to improved efficiency and productivity. For example, in an assembly line, each worker focuses on a specific task, which allows for faster production and reduces errors.
Improved coordination and communication can also be an intended positive aspect of specialization. When employees are assigned to specific roles and tasks, they can develop expertise in those areas and work together more effectively. This can lead to better coordination and communication within the organization. For example, in a hospital, specialized nurses and doctors can collaborate more efficiently to provide a higher level of patient care.