Final answer:
The decision of Lawrence v. Texas in 2003, which ruled sodomy laws unconstitutional, was made by the United States Supreme Court and had significant implications for LGBTQ rights, influencing future rulings on issues such as same-sex marriage and parental rights. The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
In 2003, the decision of Lawrence v Texas was made by the United States Supreme Court. This landmark ruling stated that sodomy laws were unconstitutional, and it significantly advanced LGBTQ rights. The case, Lawrence v. Texas, involved two men who were prosecuted under a Texas law that criminalized intimate sexual relations between same-sex partners.
The Supreme Court's decision in this case not only invalidated the Texas sodomy law but also had a broad impact on future rulings related to LGBTQ civil rights, affecting issues such as same-sex marriage, military service, and parental rights.
The landmark decision emphasized that the liberty protected by the Constitution allows homosexual persons the right to engage in intimate relationships within the privacy of their own homes without being stripped of their dignity. As the final court of appeal, this decision by the U.S. Supreme Court overturned a previous ruling from 1986 and demonstrated the evolving nature of legal interpretations in response to societal changes and civil rights movements.