Final answer:
The Bill of Rights protects various individual liberties including freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and the right to a fair trial. The right to private property is indirectly protected through the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment, making it the least directly protected of the listed options in the question asked.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Bill of Rights, which encompasses the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, provides a series of protections for individual liberties and limits the powers of the federal government. Notably, it includes several key provisions such as the protection of freedom of speech (First Amendment), the right to bear arms (Second Amendment), the right to a fair trial (Sixth Amendment), and rights relevant to private property such as protection against unreasonable searches and seizures (Fourth Amendment).
In terms of the question asked, all the listed options—freedom of speech, right to bear arms, right to a fair trial—are protected under the Bill of Rights. As for the right to private property, while there are protections against unreasonable seizure of property, the specific right to private property is not explicitly listed as a fundamental right shielded by the Bill of Rights, but rather protected under the Fifth Amendment's guarantee of due process before depriving an individual of property. Hence, if one has to choose from the given options, 'D. Right to private property' is the least directly protected by the Bill of Rights.